Enrique explained that the winds had taken them to the New World, but Javier did not trust him. She and Damian were both members of the Demon's Fist, an elite group within in the League. He says that if one wants to make room for animal immortality, although the scriptures are silent, then "a heaven for mosquitoes and a hell for men could very conveniently be combined." Brandon Bruce Lee (February 1, 1965 March 31, 1993) was an American actor and martial artist. As his last request, he asks Bruce to protect his grandchildren. Along with attaching false information and a false identity to Ra's al Ghul's file, Batman attaches a false prescription of potent medication that ensures slurred speech and next to zero mobility. His genetic perfection and genetic makeup unfortunately marked him as the ideal host for his grandfather who wants to take over his body. Furthermore, he has vast psionic powers like his father. He enters the Well of Sins after an encounter with Jason Todd. 3) A third objection is the "fruitful intensity of the pains of hell" as depicted famously in medieval art and passages of scripture. Ra's' occupation as a physician, his wife's death, and the annihilation of the Sultan's city). [64], Ra's appears in the comic prequel series to the video game Injustice 2. With the Shadow King defeated, Xavier is apparently returned to the real world in the body of Fantomex, Fantomex reasoning that nobody really knows who he is as an individual beyond his status as one of the X-Men whereas this act of sacrifice will ensure that he is remembered for a great deed. This file is both an entry on Charles Xavier, as well as an introduction to the Xavier Protocols. Ultimately, when the United States sent a team onto Genosha to assassinate Magneto, Xavier found himself trying to appeal to a furious Bucky Barnes, who stabbed Xavier through the chest. Afterwards, he discovers he has been targeted by assassins. 4 * Then Jesus said to him, See that you X mentions the network of psychics the Shadow King was using and that Betsy who is in control should tap into it. Overcome with guilt over what happened to Daken and Itsu, Wolverine allows himself to be beaten. Logan also revealed that the real reason Xavier asked him to join the X-Men was that Charles "needed a weapon". Dolly Parton Respectfully Bows Out of Rock Hall Nomination I wish all of the nominees good luck and thank you again for the compliment, the country icon writes on Twitter Most notable as the leader of the League of Assassins, Ra's al Ghul's Donal quickly used the staff that was his greatest treasure, and turned himself into the Thunder God, Thor. He subsequently became a physician and married a woman named Sora. The exact details of this process have remained inconsistent; at times it appears as though a complicated ritual is required to achieve this effect, while on other occasions he is capable of performing this feat on a whim, merely by making physical contact with his intended host. He participates in a discussion on how they will fight the Dark Multiverse invasion. [74], As Beast cures the Legacy Virus, many infected Genoshan mutants recover overnight, providing Magneto, the current ruler of Genosha, with an army to start the third World War. In addition, he seeks to foster mutant-human relations by providing his superhero team, the X-Men, as an example of mutants acting in good faith, as he told FBI agent Fred Duncan. He orders the plane to tilt its angle, causing the wind shear to rip Batman from his purchase and drop down into the sea, where he is caught by Aquaman. Password requirements: 6 to 30 characters long; ASCII characters only (characters found on a standard US keyboard); must contain at least 4 different symbols; Lewis allows that some higher form animals (like apes and elephants) might have a rudimentary individual self but says that their suffering might not be suffering in any real sense and humans might be projecting themselves onto the beasts. Due to using the Pit sooner than the last time he used it, Ra's is de-aged into a ten year old. During the Onslaught storyline, the X-Men find Xavier's files, the "Xavier Protocols", which detail how to kill many of the characters, including Xavier himself, should the need ever arise, such as if they went rogue. President X also started the 'Genoshan Police Action', also known as the 'Genoshan War'. Denny's tendency - and I understood it totally - was not to go to a costumed character with superpowers, but to go to a Moriarty type. In a prelude to the "Secret Invasion" storyline, Professor X was at the meeting of the Illuminati when it came to the discussion about the Skrulls planning an invasion by taking out Earth's heroes and posing as them. Barry Allen is a reinvention of the original Flash, Jay Garrick. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Ra's' grandson, Ibn al Xu'ffasch, is a member of Lex Luthor's Mankind Liberation Front. During the war, he receives a letter from Moira telling him that she is breaking up with him. In the Arrow tie-in comic, Season 2.5, when he hears about terrorist group Onslaught and his leader Khem-Adam, Ra's wishes to speak with him. The Greek god Dionysus had been brought back from death, so had the Egyptian god Osiris, the Hindu god Ganesha, a hero from Finnish. Ra's' plan works: both Nyssa and Talia become the heads of The Demon and the League of Assassins. Apocalypse in particular expresses satisfaction at arriving and Krakoa responds in the same way. Discover articles and insights by Ed Stetzer, Ph.D. on ChurchLeaders.com. The resurrection protocols are also akin to those set up by Moore and explored by Gaiman and Buckingham, which had Andy Warhol resurrecting himself many times over. He quotes Aquinas and Aristotle who says that suffering and shame, respectively, are not good in and of themselves but as a means to an end. Ra's' daughter Talia is fused with Lady Deathstrike to become "Lady Talia". 1) Many people, Lewis says, object to retributive punishment. Helen Skelton's Strictly Diary: I couldnt bear to watch Fleur in the dance-off In her exclusive weekly diary, the presenter talks about Fleurs mishap and finding her feet in the Jive [109] Xavier is seen using his powers to help his son Legion control his many personalities and battle the Nimrods. Helen Skelton's Strictly Diary: I couldnt bear to watch Fleur in the dance-off In her exclusive weekly diary, the presenter talks about Fleurs mishap and finding her feet in the Jive He also builds up vast wealth and creates The Demon, a huge international organization. Javier agreed, and when Fury arrived with an army of men, he and his students went without a fight. Most commonly depicted in source material with a dominant phenotype of fair complexion,[15][16][17][18] Ra's has also been able to opportunistically be involved in Western world global exploits such as the Age of Exploration (Year One: Batman/Ra's al Ghul #2 (2005) by Devin K. Grayson and Paul Gulacy) and the Third Reich (Batman: Death and the Maidens #5 (2004) by Greg Rucka and Klaus Janson). The image next to me is that of an anti-psionic armor. He is able to perceive the thoughts of others or project his own thoughts within a radius of approximately 250 miles (400km). Ra's al Ghul returns in the form of his own son Dusan al Ghul, Arabic: , "The White Ghost". In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Zagreus (Greek: ) was sometimes identified with a god worshipped by the followers of Orphism, the "first Dionysus", a son of Zeus and Persephone, who was dismembered by the Titans and reborn. Some of his would-be X-Men are locked in a Texan prison by his orders and are sometimes forcibly deformed in an effort to keep their powers under control. In addition to Hell being like a sentence given at a tribunal, Christ says that men prefer darkness to light and that men choose Hell as a final act of cutting themselves off from all things that are not themselves. This origin story is later revisited and amended in Batman Annual #26 (2007) by Peter Milligan and David Lpez as part of the Batman: The Resurrection of Ra's al Ghul story arc. Onslaught wreaks havoc, destroying much of Manhattan, until many of Marvel's superheroesincluding the Avengers, the Fantastic Four and the Hulkdestroy him. [101] Xavier has not seen again during the events of Secret Invasion, though his X-Men in San Francisco are successful at repelling the invaders there through the use of the modified Legacy Virus. Professor X is later seen with Emma Frost where Beast is recuperating. ", He continues to paint a beautiful illustration of heaven and how it would fit every real, human desire we ever had. She later becomes a disciple of Magneto. As a result, Quire and two other students are killed. When the Savior was defeated, the collective of Xavier heads put themselves to work finding a new home for the people of the world they had been kidnapped to. The Greek god Dionysus had been brought back from death, so had the Egyptian god Osiris, the Hindu god Ganesha, a hero from Finnish. With his only choices being a fifty-fifty chance at death in the Pit or being murdered by Ra's' men, Bruce agrees to the process. Dolly Parton Respectfully Bows Out of Rock Hall Nomination I wish all of the nominees good luck and thank you again for the compliment, the country icon writes on Twitter He regards Batman as his worthiest opponent, addressing him as "Detective" out of respect for his intellectual brilliance, and has frequently sought to make the Dark Knight his successor. Michael L. Peterson, "C. S. Lewis on the Necessity of Gratuitous Evil," in David Baggett, Gary R. Habermas, and Jerry L. Walls, eds., Arend Smilde, "Something tremendously real: How C. S. Lewis solved "the intellectual problem raised by suffering'", www.lewisiana.nl/christianthinker. [10] Ra's usually tries to assault the world's human populace with a biological weapon, such as a genetically-engineered virus. [11] He also receives an M.D. From outside, Batman screams for Ra's to give back his son, but Ra's responds that he is blood of Damian's blood and the boy is in good hands. [23][60][61] From the psychic trauma of Xavier using his powers so violently and the mixing of Magneto's and Xavier's repressed anger, Onslaught is born. Lewis then summarizes all the different kinds of loves and analogies in scripture that describe Gods relation to humans. [volume&issueneeded], In Ultimate X-Men #78, Xavier is apparently killed by Cable who was trying to prevent the horrible events in the future. He survives exposure to the Pit and subsequently uses Ra's' criminal empire to clandestinely set up an international humanitarian network. He carves himself a niche as a soldier in search and rescue missions alongside Shadowcat's father, Carmen Pryde,[16] and witnesses Cain's transformation into Juggernaut when he touches a ruby with an inscription on it in an underground temple. Ra's had ordered the hunt of whales, creating genetically altered super-humans in the wombs of sperm whales, part of a plan to rebuild the League of Assassins. [volume&issueneeded], At graduate school, he meets a Scottish girl named Moira Kinross, a fellow genetics student with whom he falls in love. He first says that the doctrine is not tolerable but it is moral. This Friday, were taking a look at Microsoft and Sonys increasingly bitter feud over Call of Duty and whether U.K. regulators are leaning toward torpedoing the Activision Blizzard deal. Within close range, he can manipulate almost any number of minds for such simple feats. Midway through comic book. [54] Series writer Ty Templeton originally wanted to bring back Ra's in issue #5 depicting him at prison, but his script for the planned story was rejected because DC Comics told him and Dan Slott that they were 'done' with Ra's and it was time to move with other characters, resulting in issue #5 as a story of Black Mask's False Face Society.[55]. Lewis furthers the illustration saying that the soul is a hollow that God continually fills in eternity followed by a constant emptying, self-dying, self-giving by the soul so as to become more truly itself. Created by Joshua Williamson and Gleb Melnikov in 2021, Mother Soul is the mysterious head of the League of Lazarus. Lewis postulates that maybe this world is not the 'best of all possible' universes but the only possible one. -Narration by Prince Gerhardt. The Well of Sins in the Arabian Peninsula, Red Hood and the Outlaws #22 (2013) by James Tynion IV and Julius Gopez) to East Asia (Peaches of Immortality, Year One: Batman/Ra's al Ghul #1). Writer Scott Lobdell established Xavier's middle name to be Francis in Uncanny X-Men #328 (January 1996). Although admitting that we dont know the answer to the first question he still offers his guesses. From the wreckage emerges an angry Sebastian who immobilizes Wolverine. Determined to win, Batman drags the Sensei into the Fountain, where he is killed for not being a pure soul. He was disabled during the mutant takeover of Genosha and slowly grew more distant from Magneto as the latter's actions grew more bloodthirsty. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Ra's returns to prominence and comes dangerously close to realizing his dream of worldwide genocide in the "Contagion" story arc of the Batman titles. [154] Due to the tampering of Bastion and his Sentinels, the X-Mansion computer system Cerebro gains autonomy and seeks to destroy the X-Men by employing its knowledge of the Xavier Protocols. Immediately afterward Xavier's body disappears and Cyclops declares that there are no more X-Men. In one instance, Xavier finds that Iceman has told a girl several secrets about the X-Men and is forced to erase the conversation from their minds. Lewis responds by first saying that the idea of eternity as a mere prolongation of time is uncertain and offers his metaphor for what eternity might really look like. Cain takes out his frustrations and insecurities on his stepbrother. He notes how biblical ancestors probably meant retribution when they spoke of Gods vengeance. Pain gives the only opportunity for bad men to amend. Magneto brings her to Xavier and asks him to use his mental powers to help her. The day began with the last of the ordinary Britons who had queued through the night to pay their respects to the Queen filing out of Westminster Hall. He is an Heir to the Demon Head and expected to one day lead the League. Expand your Outlook. His evil counterpart Cassandra Nova Xavier would possess this ability, indicating he still possessed the potential for them. in Psychiatry while spending several years in London. He says that the proper aim of any creature is to self-surrender to offer back the will which we claim as our own, and this necessity is a daily occurrence which is inherently painful. [93] Professor X returns to the X-Mansion to find it destroyed after recent events. Over time, he becomes a master of many forms of combat, notably fencing. [42] Shortly thereafter he battles his pupil after she becomes Dark Phoenix and destroys a populated planet in the Shi'ar Empire. It is too late for Ra's, as Nyssa stabs her father through the heart, seemingly killing him for good. If you are looking for VIP Independnet Escorts in Aerocity and Call Girls at best price then call us.. In The New 52 (a 2011 reboot of the DC Comics universe), Ra's al Ghul appears in a hooded robe at the League of Assassins' city of 'Eth Alth'eban. Animal nature could have also been corrupted prior to Adam by Satan because the "intrinsic evil of the animal world lies in the fact that some animals live by destroying each other." While hooked up to the psychic amplification machine, Xavier was about to be killed by Dracula when he was saved by Bloodstorm, who staked her former master.[162]. In the first Superman & Batman: Generations series, created by John Byrne, Bruce Wayne tracks down Ra's al Ghul after passing the Batman mantle on to his son. [1] Xavier also strives to serve a greater good by promoting peaceful coexistence and equality between humans and mutants in a world where zealous anti-mutant bigotry is widespread. And he says its a legitimate question to ask why humans are given permission to torture each other. Athanasia is the secret daughter of Talia and Bruce and raised by Talia without Bruce or even Damian's knowledge. When Jean Grey returns from the Savage Land to tell him that all the X-Men are dead, he shuts down the school and travels with Lilandra to her kingdom, where she is crowned Empress and he is treated like a child or a trophy husband. [121] When Magneto arrived with his supervillain allies, Doctor Doom and Scarlet Witch attempted to cast the inversion spell again and Red Onslaught was knocked unconscious and reverted to his Red Skull form. Lewis draws an analogy to compare our understanding of goodness to that of Gods. Find in-depth news and hands-on reviews of the latest video games, video consoles and accessories. Mara hates Damian since he left her with a scar across her right eye during a training session when they were younger. Emma is horrified until Cloak fades into the grave and discovers there is no body inside. For the film character, see, Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness, "Professor X And Magneto: Allegories For Martin Luther King Jr. And Malcolm X", "The Illuminati members in Doctor Strange 2, listed and explained", "X-Men: Every Film & TV Appearance of Professor Xavier, Ranked", "Hugh Jackman and Patrick Stewart just clawed through a world record thanks to their X-Men roles", "X-Men: Days of Future Past (Movie, 2014) | Cast, Release Date, Trailers", "Professor X - Marvel Snap Card Database - marvelsnap.io", X Lives of Wolverine and X Deaths of Wolverine, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professor_X&oldid=1119935197, Marvel Comics characters who have mental powers, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles that may be too long from January 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Code 0-0-0 (Charles Xavier) was activated by Moira MacTaggert, Cyclops, and Jean Grey. To ensure Ra's will not return, Batman oversees his nemesis' cremation. Xavier finds out that Cain's father preferred him to his own flesh and blood and that they both thought they deserved the abuse they incurred by Kurt; Cain believed this because his father loved someone else's child more than him, and Charles felt guilty about getting in the way. After a pitched battle, Xavier donned his psychic armor, and he and Sinister released a giant replica of Galactus in order to induce fear in the citizens of Earth, on which Xavier could feed his power. If a person wouldnt allow that, then is that feeling their own wickedness or spite? The phoenix is an immortal bird associated with Greek mythology (with analogs in many cultures) that cyclically regenerates or is otherwise born again. Lilandra, who has a psychic bond with Xavier, feels that he is in great danger and heads to Earth. How do you make a person unique? 4) "We are never safe, but we have plenty of fun, and some ecstasy Our Father refreshes us on the journey with some pleasant inns but will not encourage us to mistake them for home. The X-Men restore Xavier, but Lilandra, believing that too much disaster has come from the Shi'ar's involvement with the X-Men, annuls her marriage to Xavier. As Psylocke says she feels no psychic trace of him anywhere, X implants comforting post-hypnotic psychic suggestions in his allies and then erases their memories (including allowing Warren Worthington to switch between his identities at will). That means the impact could spread far beyond the agencys payday lending rule. He is currently in Riker's Island, awaiting charges after the truth about his reform school were made public. Establishing himself as a rising action star in the early 1990s, he landed his breakthrough role as Eric Draven in the dark fantasy film The Crow (1994). Uncertain about his dream's validity, Xavier announces that he will step down as headmaster and be succeeded by Jean Grey. [2] Later commentators have compared Xavier and his actions to Martin Luther King Jr. and the American civil rights struggle. [149] This potential was proven true after his death and resurgence within the younger, stronger body of Charlie Cluster 7. Exodus finally approaches Magneto, who is apparently still depowered, for help. Also, shame is of value, not as an emotion but for the insight that it provides. With reality restored, Xavier is still missing and the X-Men are unable to detect him with Cerebro.[85]. As the two depart Wolverine tells Xavier that he forgives him for all of the dark moments in their history. Is this about perspective? [31] After he completes recruiting the original team of X-Men, he sends them into battle with Magneto. Discover articles and insights by Ed Stetzer, Ph.D. on ChurchLeaders.com. [volume&issueneeded]. Scott tells him outright that he does not need him to run the X-Men anymore. While it is not possible to follow the moral law perfectly, "the ultimate problem must not be used as one more means of evasion." [161], In the alternative reality known as Mutant X, Professor X believing in harmony between man and mutant, formed, along with his friend Magnus, the X-Men and led the team towards that peaceful goal[citation needed]. Often, its an excuse for evading the real issue. Magneto and Xavier reveal that they have invited all mutants, even those who have fought against them in the past, to Krakoa, to form a society. 5) Different ages excelled in different virtues. [126] After what appeared to be years in the Astral Plane, Professor X is able to trick Shadow King into playing him in a 'game' that lures Rogue, Mystique and Fantomex onto the Astral Plane,[127] while turning others into carriers for the Shadow King's 'contagious' psychic essence. When he returned, it was during an attack by the Juggernaut. With the Shadow King certain of his victory, he fails to realize that Xavier's apparent 'surrender' to his game was really just him biding his time until the Shadow King's influence was distracted long enough for him to drop his already-subtly-weakened guard long enough for Xavier to break his bonds, luring in the three aforementioned X-Men as their identities were already fundamentally malleable. [volume&issueneeded], In X-Men Noir, Charles Xavier is a psychiatrist who ran the "Xavier School for Exceptionally Wayward Youth", in Westchester where he took in juvenile delinquents, but instead of reforming them, he actually further trained them in criminal talents, due to his belief that sociopathy was in fact the next state in human behavioral evolution. Xavier joins Lilandra in her cause to overthrow her sister Deathbird, taking on the powers of Phoenix temporarily wherein he is named Bald Phoenix by Corsair, but sees that he must return to help the X-Men. Lewis doesnt know how to answer that type of question and says that that is not his objective, but only to conceive how goodness (assured on other grounds) and suffering are without contradiction. Lewis points to Christ who emphasizes not the point of duration but that of finality. He says that by creating beings with free will God submits to the possibility of such a defeat. 2 And then a leper * approached, did him homage, and said, Lord, if you wish, you can make me clean. 3 He stretched out his hand, touched him, and said, I will do it. There, she and Corsair take Xavier with them so Shi'ar advanced technology can heal him. Charles stays in Israel for some time, but he and Gabrielle separate on good terms, neither knowing that she is pregnant with his son, who grows up to become the mutant Legion. After Rogue and Scarlet Witch snapped out of the fight they were in, they find the lobotomized body of Professor X. He says that we can deduce from the doctrine that God is good that the appearance of cruelty in the animal kingdom is an illusion. He continues with further speculations before concluding the chapter saying, "I think the lion, when he has ceased to be dangerous, will still be awful: indeed, what we shall then first see that of which the present fangs and claws are a clumsy, and satanically perverted, imitation. When Wolverine discovered that he was the source of the drug and that Xavier was responsible for its initial creation, Wolverine attacked Muir Island. Upon Cyclops' return, Xavier removed Cyclops' memories of the death of Vulcan and his teammates; and began assembling yet another team of X-Men. He is bred from birth to take and rule the world by his mother Talia al Ghul. The Cleansing of a Leper. The day began with the last of the ordinary Britons who had queued through the night to pay their respects to the Queen filing out of Westminster Hall. [88] In the final fight, Xavier is accidentally shot in the head by Bishop. However, it is later revealed the Banshee drug was created by Xavier himself, during his time in the Savage Land, and that it was created from Wolverine's blood. [141] However, he cannot permanently "reprogram" human minds to believe what he might want them to believe even if he wanted to do so, explaining that the mind is an organism that would always recall the steps necessary for it to reach the present and thus 'rewrite' itself to its original setting if he tried to change it. Xavier returns when Cyclops' and Havok's long-lost brother, Vulcan,[37] is revived by the Collective energy released as a result of the "House of M" incident. In spite of Cyclops' feelings, Xavier forms a new team including Havok and Darwin, the lone other survivors of Moira's students. However, he can only take full possession of one other mind at a time, and must strictly be within that person's physical presence. Lewis then says that he doesnt believe in the doctrine of Total Depravity on logical and experiential grounds. In that battle, Magneto uses his powers to rip out the adamantium bonded to Wolverine's skeleton, and a furious Xavier wipes Magneto's mind, leaving him in a coma. After a battle, Scarlet Witch again uses her powers to restore reality and, as a slight against her father, causes a large majority mutants to lose their powers, leaving the mutant race on the brink of extinction and causing the lost powers to become an energy mass, the Collective. That heaven is "doubtless the continually successful, yet never complete, attempt by each soul to communicate its unique vision to all others (and that by means whereof earthly art and philosophy are but clumsy imitations) is also among the ends for which the individual was created. He says the Christian explanation for human pain doesnt work because so far as we can see animals are incapable of sin or virtue so they neither deserve pain nor are improved by it. The only identification provided is Talia's jewel-encrusted necklace, which once belonged to Talia's mother. Ra's resumes the battle and attempts to kill Batman, but the monks at Nanda Parbat stop him and banish him from the temple. Detective" (a name he has only ever reserved for Batman, Nightwing and Red Hood once before). This team included Vulcan as a member. [14], Charles meets with former lover Gabrielle Haller on Muir Isle and discovers that they had a child. Lewis agrees that it does. Ra's surprises Batman in the Batcave, seemingly to enlist Batman's aid in rescuing both Talia and Dick Grayson, the first Robin, both of whom have apparently been kidnapped. -Wonder Woman "It took me several tries over the last thousand years -- the directions were incomplete. In the Age of Apocalypse, Charles Xavier was killed when he sacrificed himself to save Erik Lensherr from his own future son, David Haller (Legion), who had gone back in time to eliminate Magneto in the belief that his father would thus be there for him and succeed in his dream without Magneto to 'hinder' his efforts. He then talks about when Jesus and the apostles preached people understood a real consciousness deserving a divine anger, but in the 20th century people dont believe they are "mortally ill". [3], Patrick Stewart portrayed the character in the first three films in the 20th Century Fox X-Men film series and in various video games, while James McAvoy portrayed a younger version of the character in the 2011 prequel X-Men: First Class. Storm informs the X-Men during the battle that Alpha Flight has ripped Xavier to pieces. Only Psylocke's memory is left intact, with X telling her she will be the one to "keep him honest" while he embarks on a new mission. The plan backfires, as Ra's is left writhing in the pit, seemingly destroyed.
Fitzwilliam Coat Of Arms, Npj Systems Biology And Applications Impact Factor 2021, What Factor Differs The 4 Classes Of Protozoa, Paris Weather Forecast 7 Days, Highest Annual Rainfall In Nz, Iron On Vinyl Repair Patches, Pulse Generator Circuit Using Transistor, Does Ireland Have Oil Reserves, Mysql Auto Increment Start Value, Binomial Test Two-sided,