The entrepreneurs owned two plots of oceanfront property in what is now the Los Angeles suburb of Manhattan Beach, where they opened a resort known as "Bruce's Beach." It was among the first oceanfront properties that was owned by and The purpose of these actions was to make Manhattan Beach inhospitable to Black residents and visitors. available at 2. The property, acquired from the Bruce family and other owners, remained undeveloped for decades. Debbie Pashkoff - Keller Williams. Black property rights are civil rights. Those who visit Bruces Beach may be surprised to learn that it is actually Manhattan Beachs oldest park site, and has a rich history. [24] The Bruce's Beach Task Force's History Advisory Board drafted language to be used on a new plaque, but the city council questioned various aspects of the wording on the plaque and, in July 2021, sent it back to the History Advisory Board for further revisions. MANHATTAN BEACH, CA The Bruce's Beach bill Thursday is moving closer to becoming a law and returning the Manhattan Beach land once owned by Black entrepreneurs Willa and Charles Bruce to their descendants. On October 5, 2021, the L.A. County Board of Supervisors voted for the L.A. County CEOs Anti-Racism, Diversity, and Inclusion (ARDI) Initiative to follow these stepsto return Bruces Beach to the rightful owners. Read Reviews of Bruce's Beach. The Beach Reporter, retrieved 2009-12-01; Douglas Flamming. Parks near 3920 The Strand Unit 3922 include El Porto Beach, Sand Dune Park, and Bruce's Beach. I almost don't want to write this, Panayota K. said: They have a great way of tracking your child's progress and their, We provide custom installation and routine maintenance for your salt water reef, Jennie E. said: Came here for the first time today and I have to say I was. In the early 1900s, Willa and Charles Bruce were among a wave of Black Americans who had migrated to California from across the country. Known as Bruce's Beach, the resort had offered Black families a place to enjoy the California life and was a labor of love for the couple. City Council wrap. A clause written into the citys deed stipulated that two city blocks of beach-front property would be set aside for African Americans to purchase. Amid rampant forced segregation in 1912, the Bruces built the first West Coast resort for Black people. In 1929, the court validated the City of Manhattan Beachs claim to their property through eminent domain and finalized the financial settlement for the land. In 1924, a flourishing beach resort for Black people along the Southern California coast was seized by the local city government through eminent domain. A resort was built on that land for Black beachgoers to enjoy at a time when beaches were segregated. In 1924, prompted by a petition from local white real estate agents and other citizens, the Manhattan Beach City Council voted to condemn the Bruces resort site and the surrounding land through eminent domain to build a park. 2006), retrieved December 1, 2009 in The Manhattan Beach Observer, A commemorative plaque stands on the park grounds, detailing the inspiring origins of what has long been one of Southern Californias favorite places for seeking rest and relaxation. Its a popular beach that becomes a madhouse on weekends especially near [], Copyright CaliforniaBeaches.comAbout Us | ContactPrivacy Policy | Terms of Use, NavigateBeachesMapsArticlesHotelsRestaurantsAttractions, Join our email list to get new information, events or other fun stuff. Given that segregation practices had restricted most beach access for blacks in the city, the new resort was welcomed by many who had until then hardly had the chance to experience the areas coastal beauty. This historic location can be found off of Highland Avenue, just between 26th street and 27th street in west Manhattan Beach. Through a series of land transfers between the City of Manhattan Beach, the State of California, and the County of Los Angeles, the County acquired the land that was originally owned by Charles and Willa Bruce in 1995. Those who wished to uphold the racial segregation practices that formerly kept the blacks away from the beach severely harassed the Bruces, resort visitors, and black homeowners. In the early 1900s, Willa and Charles Bruce were among a wave of Black Americans who had migrated to California from across the country. Nearly a century after the city of Manhattan Beach used a legal tool to take land away from Black property owners, an area known as Bruce's Beach, Los Angeles County tells NBCLA it is looking at . Located on the coast southwest of Los Angeles in the city of Manhattan Beach, Bruce's Beach enjoys year round sunny weather and clear skies. "[19][20], The task force completed its work and delivered its report and recommendations to the city before the city disbanded the group in March 2021. 143 (2005), available at: [16] At the event, Ward told a reporter that her goal was to use policy to deed the land back to the Bruce family. Bruce's Beach is in the City of Manhattan Beach on Santa Monica Bay In 1912, Willa and Charles Bruce bought a property in the strand area for $1,225 from Los Angeles real estate broker Henry Willard. These actions forced both the black landholders and most black beachgoers to relocate to the newly established blacks-only section of Santa Monica Beach known as The Inkwell.. At the time that the Council voted to condemn the land, it also put new laws on the books that prohibited resort-type businesses in that area, effectively prohibiting the Bruce and other Black families from purchasing any additional beachfront property for a resort. The story of Bruce's Beach dates back to the early 1900s, when Charles and Willa Bruce built a popular Black beach resort in Manhattan Beach. ** 3701 Highland Ave Ste 200 Manhattan Beach, CA 90266. [2] On property right by the sand, they ran a popular lodge, cafe and dance hall. The property was one of the very few beaches where Black residents could go, because most other Southern California beaches were off-limits to people of color. The county then owned the entire block bordered by 26th and 27th streets, Manhattan Avenue and The Strand which was used for county lifeguard facilities and a parking lot. The County will pay a yearly lease for use of the land. This allowed Charles and Willa Bruce, entrepreneurs and new settlers in the community, to purchase the property for $1,225 in 1912. It includes rolling grassy terraces with benches and small trees, and is located a few blocks from the beach between 26th and 27th street, and runs west from Highland Avenue to Manhattan Avenue. The County will now rent the property and maintain a lifeguard facility. The beachfront property was once a seaside resort owned by Charles and Willa Brucea Black couplewhich catered to. The Countys Lease Agreement includes the Bruces right to require the County to acquire the property within a certain timeframe, and the Countys right to require the Bruces to sell the Property to the County within a certain timeframe, for a purchase price not to exceed $20 million. Places. In August 2020, Justice for Bruce's Beach held a rally and march to further apply public pressure to return the land to the Bruce family. 20072022 Blackpast.org. "[13][15][9], The park is on a steep slope overlooking the ocean and includes rolling grassy terraces with benches and small trees. Bruce's Beach is named for the Bruce family, purveyors of a Black beach resort that existed from 1911 until the 1920s when it was condemned through racially motivated eminent domain A proposed state law would allow LA County to return the parcels once owned by the Bruce family to their descendants 430 reviews. Manhattan Beach (the beach) is the main beach of the city of Manhattan Beach in Los Angeles County. Real Estate Agents. Credit / County of Los Angeles. Photo Collection/UCLA, On June 28 2022, the L.A. County Board of Supervisors approved. [6] As Los Angeles's population increased and property values soared in the 1920s, Black people in the area suffered from increased racial tension, before eminent domain proceedings started by the city forced the club to close down. [7] In the 1960s, the property, which had been vacant for decades, was made into a city park first called Bayview Terrace Park, then Parque Culiacan. A Black family got their beach back and inspired others to fight against land . The Countys action is an important step in righting this historic wrong. We can now begin to right this historic wrong by returning the land that was unjustly taken from the Bruce family so the descendants of Charles and Willa Bruce have the opportunity to participate in the California and American Dream that their great-grandparents sought out a century ago. The Bruce family moved out of Manhattan Beach in 1927, and the City immediately demolished the Bruces Beach resort at that time before the land value question was settled in 1929. By the early 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan had garnered a local following who declared the African Americans who frequented Bruces Beach were no longer welcome. http://www.cityprojectca.org/ourwork/brucesbeach.html; Michelle Murphy. It was he who also founded Pecks Pier, which was originally the only local pier accessible by African Americans at the time. We are not the Manhattan Beach of one hundred years ago. The development of the resort in that area was a brave undertaking, one that was not met without disapproval. [33], Due to a series of land transfers, a restriction required Los Angeles County to use Bruce's Beach for public recreation and prevented the county from transferring or selling the property. Like many other Americans of African descent, the Bruce family had moved West as part of the Great Migration, seeking opportunities to participate in the promise of the California and American Dream. Tensions grew so high in the 1920s that the resort and surrounding homes were eventually condemned and closed by the city. During the Jim Crow era, they built a destination where Black tourists could swim, dance, eat and rest. Now it faces a reckoning", "The Tragic History of L.A.'s Black Family Beach Havens", "In California, a Case of Black Land Loss Is Finally Being Made Right", "LA County returns Bruce's Beach to Black family 90-plus years after Manhattan Beach took it", "A deep tide of goodwill at Bruce's Beach", "The History of Bruce's Beach, California", "Bruce's Beach Juneteenth celebration sheds light on Black history in Manhattan Beach", "Manhattan Beach State of the City: Rallying to protect small beach town during the pandemic", "Racial Reckoning: Manhattan Beach City Council stops short of issuing a Bruce's Beach apology", "Manhattan Beach City Council Begins Work on Bruce's Beach Report; Disbands Task Force | Manhattan Beach CA - Manhattan Beach News - MB News", "Bruce's Beach Apology? Mention, Daniela Z. said: This place is pretty damn awesome! Restaurants near Bruce's Beach 270 Highland Ave, Manhattan Beach, CA 90266-6435 Read Reviews of Bruce's Beach Sponsored Mercado Manhattan Beach 11 reviews 3212A N Sepulveda Blvd "Great choice" 18/05/2022 "Laidback modern Mexican food" 16/07/2021 Cuisines: Mexican Bobo Chinese Deli #130 of 154 Restaurants in Manhattan Beach 10 reviews After it opened in 1912, it became a successful and popular visitor destination for African Americans. 270 Highland Ave, Manhattan Beach, CA 90266-6435. Public Alerts, Accessibility To the left and right of the Lifeguard facilities are rows and rows of private residences. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'californiabeaches_com-box-4','ezslot_2',123,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-californiabeaches_com-box-4-0');A young and ambitious married couple, Willa and Charles Bruce, purchased some of the land that makes up Bruces Beach in 1912. See the bookLiving the California Dream: African American Leisure Sites during the Jim Crow Era (University of Nebraska Press, 2020) by Alison Rose Jefferson, for a robust examination of the one hundred-year legacy and history of Bruces Beach and its broader context in the regional and national African American experience and American identity. Manhattan Beach is a city in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, United States, on the Pacific coast south of El Segundo, west of Hawthorne and Redondo Beach, and north of Hermosa Beach.As of the 2010 census, the population was 35,135.. Manhattan Beach is one of the three Beach Cities, along with Hermosa Beach and Redondo Beach within the South Bay region of Los Angeles County. Its a monument to progress, tolerance, and determination. "Enough White residents ultimately pressured the City Council to exercise its power of eminent domain to acquire the land for use as a public park. [11] In 1929 they received a $14,500 settlement. [8][9] The city used eminent domain to acquire surrounding properties including some others that were black-owned. Continue with Recommended Cookies. ins.style.display='block';ins.style.minWidth=container.attributes.ezaw.value+'px';ins.style.width='100%';ins.style.height=container.attributes.ezah.value+'px';container.appendChild(ins);(adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({});window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'stat_source_id',44);window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'adsensetype',1);var lo=new MutationObserver(window.ezaslEvent);lo.observe(document.getElementById(slotId+'-asloaded'),{attributes:true}); Located on the coast southwest of Los Angeles in the city of Manhattan Beach, Bruces Beach enjoys year round sunny weather and clear skies. "The Bruces had their California dream stolen from . Activists in recent months have reclaimed the park. [32] On April 20, 2021, LA County Supervisors voted unanimously to approve returning the county land where the LifeGuard Station was located to the family's descendants. Bruce's Beach, now a part of the wealthy Manhattan Beach area, was once owned by Willa and . The anonymous group paid for a two-page advertisement in The Beach Reporter, claiming the task force had used racism to "grab power. But returning . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruces_Beach. On July 20, 2022, the Board of Supervisors returned ownership of Bruces Beach to the closest living legal heirs of Charles and Willa Bruce. MANHATTAN BEACH - Nearly a century after Bruce's Beach was wrongfully taken from Black entrepreneurs Willa and Charles Bruce, Governor Gavin Newsom today signed legislation that will enable Los Angeles County to return the beachfront property to their descendants, continuing the state's leadership to redress historical injustices and . The admiration for Southern Californias good life and the vision of the new owners encouraged the building of new homes and cottages that would cater exclusively to African American vacationers, many of whom craved the ocean breezes, bathhouses, outdoor sports, dining, and dancing. Manage Settings [2], On June 19, 2020, a Juneteenth commemoration picnic was held at Bruce's Beach park. Photo courtesy of The City Projectif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'californiabeaches_com-leader-1','ezslot_4',611,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-californiabeaches_com-leader-1-0'); Bruces Beach is more than just a pretty park. Bruce's Beach was one of the few beaches in Southern California in the 1920s that was open to African Americans. If youre looking for the perfect place to find some peace and reflect on this important part of Californias past, theres no better site. Over time the beach area was called City Park or Beach Front Park. [32] The Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors voted unanimously on June 28, 2022, to return the two oceanfront parcels to the Bruce family. We specialize in, Book today for your tech camp, serving Santa Monica, Encino, and Westwood! [1] They established a resort and named it for Mrs. The property that became known as Bruce's Beach is along the shoreline in Manhattan Beach, now an upscale city along the southern end of Santa Monica Bay. Lining up plans in Altadena? A lifeguard facility and parking lot were constructed on the beach parcels. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. The Rusty Hook is your one-stop-shop for all of your fishing needs. Getty Images An aerial view of Bruce's Beach (center), which is wedged between pricey real . to the Bruce family. [12], In 2006 under the leadership of Manhattan Beach's Mayor Mitch Ward the city's first and only Black elected official, the Manhattan Beach City Council decided to rename the park, "commemorating our community's understanding that friendship, goodwill and respect for all begins within our own boundaries and extends to the world community. Tamara Norgren. Willa Bruce was featured in an L.A. Times article in 1912. On September 30, 2021, California Governor Gavin Newsom officially returned the prime beachfront property to the descendants of Charles and Willa Bruce. MLS# S927942. It became colloquially known as Bruces Beach.. http://www.manhattanbeachresidentsassociation.org/the_observer/200606.pdf; The 650 sq. This effort follows a more than year-long process that began in April 2021 when Los Angeles County Supervisors Janice Hahn and Holly Mitchell announced their intention to have Los Angeles County return the beachfront property once owned by Charles and Willa Bruce to their legal heirs. Nearby bus routes include Beach Cities Transit 109 Northbound, Beach Cities Transit 109 Southbound, and 232. . According to a report by ABC7, Los . It is a mere two minute walk from the sea shore, making it an often used pit-stop for beach-goers. All are welcome. On June 2, 2021, the California State Senate approved a bill allowing the return of the property to descendants of the Bruces. Photo courtesy of Pete Morrisvar cid='5151927825';var pid='ca-pub-9248748958662659';var slotId='div-gpt-ad-californiabeaches_com-box-3-0';var ffid=1;var alS=1002%1000;var container=document.getElementById(slotId);container.style.width='100%';var ins=document.createElement('ins');ins.id=slotId+'-asloaded';ins.className='adsbygoogle ezasloaded';ins.dataset.adClient=pid;ins.dataset.adChannel=cid;if(ffid==2){ins.dataset.fullWidthResponsive='true';} Being a bit of a maverick for the times, Peck did away with the common practice of racial segregation by offering up the plots for purchase to African Americans. That recommendation met with resistance from some members of the city council, who expressed fears that an apology could lead to liability for the city. Like many other Americans of African descent, the Bruce family had moved West as part of the Great Migration, seeking opportunities to participate in the promise of the California and American Dream. Manhattan Beach, CA 90266 Initially it was a pretty simple affair: some pop-up tents where refreshments were served and where people could change clothes. In the weeks following, Ward founded the advocacy coalition Justice for Bruce's Beach. Bruce's Beach In 1912, Charles and Willa Bruce bought a piece of land by the beach in Manhattan Beach, California. 1912 - Willa and Charles Bruce, who moved to California from New Mexico, buy a beachfront plot of land in Manhattan Beach. Highland Ave Manhattan Beach CA 90266. Willa Bruce (Left) with her daughter-in-law and her sister in Manhattan Beach in the 1920s. By 1916, the resort known as Bruces Beach was a thriving fixture for visiting Blacks, with a restaurant, dancehall, changing rooms, and showers. The County determined that Charles and Willa Bruces closest living heirs are their great-grandsons. On July 20, 2022, the L.A County Board of Supervisors. What became of that resort is a tragedy that is a prime example of systemic racism. APU GOMES/AFP via Getty Images Bruce's Beach, a once thriving resort for Black families owned by Willa and Charles Bruce, was seized by the town of Manhattan Beach in 1924 with the stated goal of building a park. The Manhattan Beach City Council finally used eminent domain to take the land away from the Bruces in the 1920s, purportedly for use as a park. }, ANTI-RACISM, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION INITIATIVE, Returning Bruces Beach: A 100-Year Journey to Justice, For more information on the history of Bruces Beach, see the, , researched and assembled by the History Advisory Board with initial research and contributions by the Bruces Beach Task Force History Subcommittee. [2] On property right by the sand, they ran a popular lodge, cafe and dance hall. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Over the years, the park was called by several different names. of Bruces Beach, California. Shortly after purchasing the land, Charles and Willa Bruce turned the location into a seaside resort . University of California On June 28 2022, the L.A. County Board of Supervisors approved the transfer of ownership to the Bruce family. In 1995, the state transferred a portion of the land with the Bruce's parcels to Los Angeles County in 1995 with a condition that the county couldnt transfer the property. LA County Helps The city council disbanded the Bruce's Beach History Advisory Board, opting to work on the plaque language itself. Kavon Ward, a Manhattan Beach resident, staged the event to draw attention to the seizure of the land by the city of Manhattan Beach. The most high-profile of the dispossessed Black families were the Bruces, founders of a successful Black beach resort. Language The Los Angeles County Lifeguard Administration Building currently sits at the site where the Bruces resort business once stood a century ago. Claim this business. 6 min read A century ago, Bruce's Beach in Manhattan Beach was home to a prominent Black-owned seaside resort. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page. Quality Inn & Suites Hermosa Beach. Forego a bottle of soda and donate its cost to us for the information you just learned, and feel good about helping to make it available to everyone. to the legal heirs of Charles and Willa Bruce. As a result, the County has the opportunity to rectify the historic injustice that was done to the Bruce family by returning the ownership of the land to its rightful owners, the descendants of Charles and Willa Bruce, from whom it never should have been taken in an act motivated by racism and a desire to drive out a successful Black business and its patrons. the joint state-and-county effort to return the land, which was once bruce's beach lodge an early 20th century seaside resort for african americans at a time when black people had limited. The focus of the initiative to be announced Friday is 6,999 square feet of beachfront land, two blocks west of Bruce's Beach Park and adjacent to Manhattan Beach's The Strand. Some of the property, including two of the Bruce family lots, were transferred to the state in 1948 for Manhattan State Beach. No park was built, and the land sat empty for decades. She had purchased for $1,225 the first of two lots along the Strand . The city council approved a statement "acknowledging, empathizing, and condemning the city's role in the racially motivated condemnation of properties in the area known as Bruce's Beach. The entrepreneurs owned two plots of oceanfront property. (Mario Tama/Getty Images) MANHATTAN BEACH, CA The Bruce's Beach bill Thursday is moving closer to becoming a law and returning the Manhattan Beach land once owned by Black. Councilmembers instead proposed three alternate versions[22] to the wider-ranging apology proposed by the task force. The resort was established by Willa and Charles Bruce in Manhattan Beach, Calif., in 1912. 2. Their property was taken from them by the City of Manhattan Beach in an act motivated by racism and a desire to drive out a successful Black business and its patrons, A 100-Year Journey to Justice highlighting Los Angeles Countys groundbreaking effort to right historic wrongs by returning the beachfront property wrongfully seized from Black owners a century ago. [1], While some historians credit George H. Peck (18561940), a wealthy developer and the founder of Manhattan Beach, for having "bucked" the practice of racial exclusion,[1] Peck created barriers to direct Black out-of-town visitors to Bruce's Beach. We reject racism, hate, intolerance, and exclusion. Kitchen includes dishwasher, stove top, and wall oven. The fraudulent appropriation of land from private persons in general, and especially on the basis of race, is against the public interest and denies individuals and communities the right to enjoyment, the right to own property alone, as well as in association with others, the right to inherit, and the right to control ones property. Credit / County of Los Angeles. at: When incorporated in 1912, George H. Peck (1856-1940), one of the founders of Manhattan Beach, rejected the practice of racial exclusion. The LA County Supervisors voted unanimously to approve returning the county land to the heirs of Charles and Willa Bruce. The City of Manhattan Beach, in partnership with The Bay Foundation, L.A. County Department of Beaches and Harbors, and the California State Coastal Conservancy, is in the process of implementing a Beach Dune restoration project set to be implemented over 2021 and 2022.The CA State Coastal Conservancy is funding the Manhattan Dune Restoration project through the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund . Whether you're a local, new in town, or just passing through, you'll be sure to find something on Eventbrite that piques your interest. Manhattan Beach History: Bruce's Beach (Student's school presentation) Historical Resources: 1916 - Southwest Contractor; . 2 groceries, 70 restaurants, 11 parks. 3 beds, 3 baths, 1714 sq. AFP via Getty Images People gather on Bruce's Beach on June 29, 2022, in Manhattan Beach, California. What was known as Bruce's Beach in the city of Manhattan Beach was purchased in 1912 by Willa and Charles Bruce. Situated along what became one of Southern California's signature beaches fronted by rows. Privacy Policy, function googleTranslateElementInit() { In 2006, the ownership changed again. But the progress is coming too late for Bernard, who died of Covid-19 in January at age 86. [7], Under the pretense of building a city park, the city of Manhattan Beach took control of the land from the Bruce family, and the buildings were razed in 1927. Amy Kaufmann. Los Angeles County is trying to give the land back to the Bruce family, a Black family that was pushed off Bruces Beach a . Manhattan Beachs first Black councilmember and mayor, Mitch Ward, along with local citizens, led the effort to rename the park Bruces Beach in 2007. City ordinances were also passed prohibiting dressing or undressing in vehicles on the street, public places or in tents, and parking restrictions were implemented to harass and prohibit African American visitation to the Bruces Beach shoreline area. In righting this historic wrong, the County is acting in the publics interest to ensure that communities can fairly access justice and an effective remedy, including, when appropriate, the potential return, restitution, resettlement, rehabilitation, or compensation, for unlawful and race-based displacements. But there is still more to be done to create opportunities now, and in the future, for the descendants of the historical visitors to Bruces Beach and ensure they have access to enjoy the Los Angeles County coastline in Manhattan Beach and beyond. Thanks to his actions, black families were able to buy properties near the Bruces beach resort and build their own summer homes. Freedom: Black Los Angeles in Jim Crow America. On July 20, 2022, the L.A County Board of Supervisors officially returned Bruces Beach to the legal heirs of Charles and Willa Bruce. A family reunion in July 2018 at Bruce's Beach Park nearby land that wasn't owned by Willa and Charles Bruce, but was also scooped up during Manhattan Beach's eminent domain effort and . The City condemned the properties of the Bruces, Prioleaus, Johnsons, Patterson, and Sanders. Deby Hagan - Realty One Group United. The park sits on a slope overlooking the ocean. They purchased the land in 1912 for $1,225 and built. [1] They established a resort and named it for Mrs. Bruce. . In a history making vote, the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors unanimously approved an unprecedented plan to return Bruce's Beach to a Black family that had been . Sonia Moncayo. Website. Land around the resort was bought by wealthy land developer George H. Peck, also in 1912. Race. (Provided/Duane Shepard) Manhattan Beach is in southwestern Los Angeles County, less than 20 miles south of Santa Monica. To reach the ocean, visitors had to walk an extra half mile around property owned by Peck, who had lined it with security and No Trespassing signs. (December 7, 2006), available at: Nearly 100 years later, it's being returned to their living descendants. BlackPast.org is a 501(c)(3) non-profit and our EIN is 26-1625373. The ceremony was the result of a law unanimously passed by the California legislature earlier in the month authorizing the return of the property to the Bruce family.
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